The natural sciences encompass all scientific disciplines that are dedicated to the study of nature. They deal with the physical aspects of reality, unlike the social sciences that study human factors.
But not only for that. In addition, other fundamental differences between these two classes of science is that while the social ones focus on what knowledge is, the natural ones carry out their studies and development through logic, mathematics and the existing logical reasoning itself..
Five great natural sciences can be mentioned: biology, physics, chemistry, geology and astronomy. Biology studies the origin, evolution and properties of living beings. Therefore it takes care of the phenomena linked to living organisms. The medicine, the zoology and botany are part of biology.
Physics is the natural science that focuses on the properties and interactions of matter, energy, space, and time. The fundamental components of the universe are part of its field of action. Chemistry, on the other hand, focuses on matter: its composition, structure, properties and changes it experiences during different types of reactions.
Geology analyzes the interior of the terrestrial globe (matter, changes, structures, etc.). Hydrology, meteorology, and oceanography are sciences that can be included within geology.
Astronomy, finally, is the science of the celestial bodies. Astronomers study planets, stars, satellites, and all those bodies and phenomena that are beyond the earth’s border.
It is also important to make clear that these five established natural sciences are related, communicate, intersect and need each other. In such a way that they produce the creation of another series of sciences such as geochemistry, biophysics, astrobiology or oceanography, among many others.
Ultimately, it can be said that the natural sciences are in charge of everything given by nature. The human being, as a physical body, is studied by biology; however, its social dimension is part of the social sciences (such as sociology, for example).
According to DigoPaul, the natural sciences are so important in our society that today we can find cultural centers that specifically revolve around them in very different corners of the world geography. This would be the case, for example, of the National Museum of Natural Sciences that Spain has and that is located in its capital, Madrid.
Promoting knowledge of the natural diversity that exists is one of the objectives that the space seeks to fulfill both with the exhibitions it holds and with the various activities it carries out annually. Specifically, those who visit it will be able to enjoy collections related to biodiversity, evolution, the characteristics of the Mediterranean in terms of nature, dinosaurs and even to know what the skeleton of a fin whale is like.
London is another city that has one of the most interesting museums of this type on the planet.
